Molecular Study of ESBL Genes and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from The Burn Patients in AL-Najaf AL-Ashraf, Iraq

Abstract

Background: P. aeruginosa is a bacterium that causes numerous some systemic illnesses. Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa phenotypic and genotypic Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase, including bla_CTX-M, bla_OXA, and bla_TEM genes in the burn infections. Materials & Methods: One hundred and sixty-one burn swab samples were randomly gathered from patients with symptomatic wound infections at the burn center in Al-Najaf Governorate, Iraq, between January and April 2023. Results: Out of the total isolates, 42 (26%) were confirmed as P. aeruginosa based on microscopic, cultural, and biochemical features. These isolates were then assessed for their capacity to generate ESBLs using the Double Desk Synergy Test. 16 (38.1%) isolates producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases, previously identified using phenotypic methods, were analyzed for the presence of β-lactamase genes using polymerase chain reaction. Results show that all 16 out of 42 ESBL-positive burn patients isolates carried the bla _CTX-M gene, 93.7% of them (n = 15) carried the bla _TEM gene, and 87.5% of them (n = 14) carried the bla _OXA gene. This study was conducted at the Burn Center in AL-Najaf AL-Ashraf, Iraq. The purpose of this study was detected the prevalence of ESBL genes and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the burn patients in AL-Najaf AL-Ashraf, Iraq. Conclusion: The current research findings show a higher occurrence of multi-drug resistance and a greater percent of ESBL- associated genes in P. aeruginosa isolates from burned patients in AL-Najaf AL-Ashraf City.