Re-Evaluation of DDH Risk Factors in Helena Rehabilitation Center-Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Abstract

Purpose: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) comprises a spectrum of abnormalities from hip instability to frank dislocation, Hip ultrasonography prior to femoral head ossification, is recognized as an early diagnostic tool for DDH. It is safe and non-invasive procedure, keeping those babies less than 6 months of age away from radiation hazard.

Subjects and Methods: From august 2021 until august 2022, we investigated 534 babies [1068 hips] by ultrasound depending on Graf method to identify DDH types. All included infants were in between 6 weeks- 6 months of age and referred due to have high risk factors. The data was analyzed by using the SPSS, version 28 and Chi- square test of association was used to compare the proportions.

Results: On the bases of examining 534 babies [with high-risk groups] by ultrasound of hip, about 50.94 % of them were shown to have different types of DDH while 48.06% were normal, bilateral cases were > unilateral cases and Lt. hip >Rt. Hip were affected. Significant association was found between DDH family history (86%), breech presentation (52%)and swaddling (12%).

Conclusions: It is crucial to establish the principle of selected screening programs for early detection of DDH in our society and to identify the incidence and associated risk factors for DDH in high-risk group babies between the ages of six weeks and six months in Erbil city of Kurdistan region-Iraq.